Chador on Muslim Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Chador on Muslim Women - Essay Example A chador is a free robe that is worn like an open shroud by Muslim ladies, as expressed in the Definition of Chador. Albeit a great many people partner the wearing of chador with Iranian ladies, it is regarded that chador is likewise worn by Muslim ladies in different pieces of the Middle East like Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Regularly, a chador is worn with hijab, a headscarf which is proposed to cover the wearer’s hair, throat, and neck, as guaranteed in an online article entitled Chador. Nonetheless, a chador doesn't really need to incorporate a facial shroud. As far as wearing the chador, ladies pull it over their heads, fastening it shut in front and wrapping their bodies in the texture, as examined in an online article called What is a Chador?. This is made conceivable in light of the fact that the chador is cut looking like an open half-circle. A very much worn chador can cover everything except for the hands, feet, and face of the lady, with hijab giving additional help by covering the faceâ€all of these to guarantee that nothing tactless will be uncovered. It is intriguing to bring up that some exceptionally customary ladies wear chador with a riband.The underneath apparel relies on the flavor of the wearer. Despite the fact that there were sure focuses in Muslim history in which Iranian ladies wore brave outfits as a declaration of their shock against the manipulative government, most of the Muslim ladies like wearing the chador with a humble attire underneath so as to feature their appearance of devotion, their matter of taste, or downright close to home solace.

Diplomatic Immunity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Political Immunity - Essay Example cial audit is more grounded where the official finds an individual not to have been an ambassador, however even so the courts have for the most part acquiesced to the assurance of the official. Be that as it may, since the historical backdrop of worldwide law shows that, every now and then, a case of invulnerability must be settled in different settings, when a suitable issue is appropriately raised under the watchful eye of the courts, it is inside the territory of legal capability and obligation to decide if a case of political resistance is substantial. For example, when the State Department, in making an affirmation, rules upon a people conciliatory status as well as states a finish of law in making the assurance, the assurance is reviewable, that is taken a gander at, by the courts. Likewise, where the status and right to resistance have not been controlled by official activity, they are an appropriate subject of choice by the courts. The Vienna Diplomatic Convention gives supreme invulnerability from criminal indictment for negotiators and their relatives who are not nationals of the getting state. These people likewise appreciate resistance from common suit with the exception of in three examples: (an) an activity in regards to genuine property in the getting state except if the property is hung for the benefit of the sending state for motivations behind the mission1, (b) an activity identifying with progression (in which the conciliatory operator is included as agent, chairman, beneficiary or legatee) not in the interest of the sending state2, or (c) an activity identifying with any expert or business movement in the accepting state outside of a representatives official functions3. At the point when the strategic operator stops his capacities his invulnerability stops also, aside from â€Å"with regard to acts performed by such an individual in the activity of his capacities as an individual from the mission, resistance will keep on subsist.† (Vienna Article Convention). The State Departments understanding of the arrangements of the Convention, albeit given deference,are not decisive. Regardless

Essay about Unemployment Rates in Australia

Question: Examine about theUnemployment Rates in Australia. Answer: Presentation The joblessness rate has been expanding in Australia since last numerous years. Presently, the joblessness pace of Australia has expanded from 7.61 in August 2001 to 13.19 in July of 2016. Subsequent to computing since the most recent 8 years, it is discovered that the joblessness rates have been expanded or the quantity of jobless individuals is expanded in Australia. Australia is confronting the greatest monetary difficulties in light of the high joblessness issueas at present there are in excess of 80,0000 youth jobless or jobless in Australia. The high joblessness ratesadversely influence the GDP of the Australia(Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2016). The high joblessness rate makes monetary difficulties for the Australian nation just as reasons for the disappointment of the gross local items. As of now, Australia joblessness rate is at 5.7 percent which is quite low in light of the fact that the Australian nation has loads of jobless individuals. In Tasmania, Queensland, and South Australia, the joblessness rates are higher in contrast with A northern area of Australia. As per the ongoing figures by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, in August 2016, the work expanded at a normal of month development pace of 0.1 percent as the joblessness rate tumbled from 5.7% in July 2016 to 5.6% in August 2016. It was the most minimal joblessness rates since after 2013 as the Australian economy lost 3,900 positions and the quantity of jobless or jobless individuals diminished by 10,500 people. The low maintenance work development proceeded with an expansion of 10,200 representatives, while the all day business diminished by 400 people(Australian Government, Department of Unemployment, 2015).Since 1978 to 2016, the jobless rate in Australia has developed at a normal of 6.93%, in October 1992; the joblessness rate was the most noteworthy of this time length as it was 11.10 percent, while in February 2008 it was recorded the least which was 4.0 percent. The joblessness rates for various districts/an area of the Australian nation in August 2016 wererecorded with respect to the Northern region (3.5%), Australian Capital Territory (3.6%), New South Wales (5%), Victoria (5.5%), Queensland (6.2%), Western Australia (6.3%), South Australia (6.8%), and Tasmania (7.2%).In August 2016, 11963.72 thousands were utilized people and 713.28 thousands were jobless people all through the Australian nation. The adolescent joblessness rate was expanded 13.19% in July 2016 to 13.24% in 2016. The joblessness pattern measurements show that the joblessness rate remained practically consistent at 5.7%, and jobless cooperation rate consistent at 64.8%(Murphy, 2016). The month hours worked in all employments expanded from 1.7 million hours to 1657.1 million hours. The work rate diminished from 61.24% in July 2016 to 61.16% in August 2016. The adolescent joblessness rate has been expanded from 13.24 to 13.16 in August 2016 and the efficiency expanded from 10 2.30 to 103.50 in August 2016. In the course of recent years, the all day business expanded by 83,800 at a normal of 1.04% and the low maintenance work expanded by 160,900 at a normal pace of 4.48%. Over the previous year the joblessness rate has diminished by a normal of 6.0%. New South Wales recorded the most reduced regularly balanced joblessness paces of 5.3% unaltered from March 2016. While, for Victoria and Western Australia recorded the occasionally balanced joblessness rate at 5.6%, Tasmania 6.3%, Queensland 6.5%, and South Australia at 6.8%. Underneath referenced outline shows the joblessness rate in Australian states: Source: Australian government, (2016) Source: Australian government, (2016) The above outline shows that joblessness pace of Tasmania is high as contrast with other state or Territory in Australia. The pace of Tasmania in the year 2016 is 7.2%, which is most elevated joblessness rate over all the Australian states. South Australia had a joblessness pace of 6.8%, Western Australia 6.3%, Queensland 6.2%, Victoria 5.5%, New South Wales 5%, Australian Capital Territory 3.5%, and Northern Territory 3.5%. The individuals of the South Australia and Tasmania are battling for employments in light of the fact that the assessment approach of the Australian government as it lessens the benefit of the organizations (Australian government, 2016). Because of this, Australian organizations are being offshoring organizations, which maake a few people jobless. Then again, low pace of the northern region demonstrates that in these Australian states; business is developing constantly that makes the opening for work for jobless individuals. Issues: Australia is confronting some regular joblessness causes like industry shutdowns, downturn, foundation, innovation, cataclysmic event, and offshoring (Mavromaras et al, 2015). The shutdown of the ventures is the significant reason for the joblessness in Australia. Because of this, the a large number of the South Australia people groups out of the work that expands the joblessness rate. Aside from this, the overall downturn additionally has the negative effect on the financial development. It hinder the development of Australian economy and build up the severe guidelines and guideline. To conquer the downturn, on the off chance that the organization adheres to the principles and guideline of government, at that point it expands the joblessness pace of the economy. Then again, harder monetary time of the Australian economy diminishes people in general and privately owned businesses speculation on framework. This influences the aptitudes of the designers and powers them to move abroad, which increment the joblessness pace of the economy (Sebastian, 2015). Besides, advancement of the innovation is additionally a significant reason for joblessness in an economy. Alongside this, the expense pace of the Australian government is higher than western nations rate that impacts the organizations to seaward. The low assessment rate and motivating forces strategy of western nations increment the pace of Australian joblessness. The same number of the Australian material organizations are going seaward. Because of tax reduction and impetuses, Australian economy is turning into the administration economy (Blackwell and Dollery, 2013). Moreover, Australian economy faces the catastrophic event like tornado, flood, and seismic tremor. In Queensland individuals, takes a shot at banana implantation and Queensland is a violent wind influenced territory. On the off chance that twister hit the banana implantation, at that point immense measure of joblessness will happen there. The joblessness rate influences the estimation of Australian Dollar, trade rates, and GDP of the nation. It additionally influences the mechanical development, sending out exchange, exchange economies, and financial conditions in the nation. The Australian Government Department of Employment is answerable for planning the national business strategies for making sheltered, reasonable, and profoundly beneficial working environment. Government Policies The Australian Employment Department intercedes to lessen the joblessness rates by consolidating a few business approaches for giving work to the various types of representatives in the wake of diminishing the business obstructions. The Australian government centers around two systems for lessening joblessness in various locales/regions of Australia. The primary approach is request side arrangement for diminishing the interest side joblessness and the subsequent strategy is gracefully side approach identified with lessening basic unemployment(Scutt, 2016). The Australian Employment Department has been embracing a few activities for lessening joblessness all through the Australian nation. It has been concentrating on lessening joblessness through diminishing loan fees, bringing down expense rates,promoting preparing and instructive offices, encouraging topographical appropriations, bringing least wages down to decrease the genuine compensation joblessness, and adaptability of the work markets. The Australian government mediates to decrease the joblessness rates for giving the jobless or jobless people a scope of business openings so as to guarantee the high GDP or financial development of the nation. The high work rates will support increasingly national and global business exercises and portability of the Australian works in the Australian enterprises. The Australian government contributes tremendous use on the work foundation for giving more employments to the jobless people or the activity candidates who are looking for new openings. The Australian work division is proceeding with its endeavors to decide the base wages for upgrading the expectations for everyday comforts of the representatives in the country(Trade Economics, 2016). The Australian government is likewise putting colossally in the preparation, training, and mechanical foundation for upgrading the business openings in the nation. The lower charge rates will help to diminish the expense of acquiring and urge individuals to spend and contribute. The lower charge rates will be powerful to expand GDP just as decreasing the interest inadequate joblessness. References Australia Bureau of Statistics (2016).Increasing low maintenance work proceeds. [Online]. Accessible at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/46DFE12FCDB783D9CA256B740082AA6C?OpenDocument. (Gotten to: 28 September 2016). Australian Government, Department of Unemployment (2015).Labour Force Region (SA4) - Unemployment Rate by State and Territory.[Online]. Accessible at:https://lmip.gov.au/default.aspx?LMIP/LFR_SAFOUR/LFR_UnemploymentRate. (Gotten to: 28 September 2016). Australian government (2016) Labor Force Region (SA4) - Unemployment Rate by State and Territory. [Online]. Accessible at: https://lmip.gov.au/default.aspx?LMIP/LFR_SAFOUR/LFR_UnemploymentRate (Accessed on: 29 September, 2016). Blackwell, B. what's more, Dollery, B., (2013) Resource tax assessment and remote Aboriginal consumption. Financial Papers: A diary of applied financial matters and policy,32(3), pp.360-382. Mavromaras, K., Sloane, P. what's more, Wei, Z., (2015) The scarring impacts of joblessness, low compensation and abilities under-use in Australia analyzed. Applied economics,47 (23), pp.2413-2429. Murphy,

Therapeutic Music Free Essays

Individuals are presently playing remedial music for patients in emergency clinics, hospices and other clinical settings to improve their recuperating. Music is by all accounts helpful to the human psyche. Music can likewise incite recollections. We will compose a custom article test on Remedial Music or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now It can trigger things in our brains that we as a whole have encountered as people. Music’s power reaches out to where we don’t even need to hear a tune, we simply need to consider it. At the point when this occurs, recollections of a specific occasion or time in our lives that have or look like some sort of affiliation can return flooding (Science of People; Danielle M. Dough puncher). Through these logical disclosures, we see one more part of the intensity of music in the human brain. This force can be found in the arrangement Forever Music by Mark Hayes and Susan Boersma. Verifiably and logically, it is apparent that music has a force that is both one of a kind and general. The language of Forever Music is composed for the expected motivation behind worldwide unification through the intensity of music. Producing a shared opinion among all individuals who can hear. The message; music speaks to life, harmony, time, love, and the cheerful get together surprisingly on the planet paying little heed to ones individual foundation. Each expressive component in this piece is planned to permit all individuals of each culture to share a tune. A tune that conveys meaning material to everybody who can hear. Imprint and Susan appear to have imagined, as exhibited by the text’s language and talk, a tranquil and brought together world that has the most profound thankfulness forever and music. The crowd for this content is ageless. â€Å"†¦ where present, past, and future meet upon a tight extension of time.† This work is composed for all individuals everything being equal. It is intended to illuminate the world that every individual life is a tune intended to be sung. The investigation of this piece, Forever Music, can be separated into a wide range of sections. We will set aside some effort to analyze each expression in the melody with the desire for having the option to completely comprehend the profundities of its imagery and how what it conveys identifies with individuals of each age and from each culture the world over. We will contextualize the tunes language however it’s verses, and we will likewise attempt to increase a superior melodic comprehension for how this piece was formed. We can simply analyze the melodic component of Forever Music as the melodious component. These two classes, exclusively, are imbedded with such significance, feeling, and imagery. These are things that we get the opportunity to find! There are numerous long stretches of expert experience between this works makers, and along these lines, their encounters upgrade their capacity, and this tunes capacity, to contact an ageless crowd from each culture. Instructions to refer to Therapeutic Music, Papers

The Best Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder

The Best Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print Treating Social Anxiety Disorder By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 09, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Prescription Medications Psychological Therapies Complementary Treatments Finding Treatment View All Treatments for social anxiety disorder (SAD) depend on the severity of your emotional and physical symptoms and how well you function daily. The length of treatment also varies.  Some people may respond well to initial treatment and not require anything further, while others may require some form of support throughout their lives. Both medication and therapy have been shown effective in treating social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety that occurs in all situations responds best to a combination of medication and therapy, while therapy alone is often sufficient for people with anxiety specific to one type of performance or social situation.???? So, if youve been diagnosed or think you may have SAD, know that its possible to overcome it. Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell Prescription Medications Several different types of medications are prescribed to treat  SAD. Each has its advantages and disadvantages depending on your particular situation.?? A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of medication in SAD treatment showed a small to medium-sized effectâ€"with all of the following categories of medications showing improvements.This means that several different types of medication may be helpful in improving symptoms of social anxiety disorder, and that one may be a useful form of treatment for you. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) SSRIs are considered the first-line pharmacotherapy treatment due to their tolerable side effects and ease of administration. However, due to the potential for withdrawal effects, SSRIs should always be tapered when ending treatment.?? Options include: Paxil CR (paroxetine)Luvox CR (fluvoxamine)Zoloft (sertraline)Lexapro (escitalopram)Celexa (citalopram)Prozac (fluoxetine) A 2014 meta-analysis found paroxetine (brand name Paxil) to be the second most effective form of medication treatment for social anxiety disorder. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) SNRIs are  a class of antidepressants  used in anxiety treatment that act on the neurotransmitters  serotonin  and norepinephrine. Options include: Effexor XR (venlafaxine)Cymbalta (duloxetine)Pristiq (desvenlafaxine) Venlafaxine extended-release (brand name Effexor) was found to be the third most effective type of medication for SAD in the same 2014 meta-analysis. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) MAOIs were once considered the most useful treatment for social anxiety disorder; however, these medications carry with them the risk of serious side effects if dietary and medication guidelines are not followed. Options included: Nardil (phenelzine)Parnate (tranylcypromine)Marplan (isocarboxazid) Today, due to concerns about side effects, MAOIs are not often used in the treatment of SAD. At the same time, a 2014 meta-analysis found that phenelzine (brand name Nardil) was the most effective form of pharmacotherapy for social anxiety disorder. Beta Blockers Beta blockers are usually taken orally prior to an anxiety-inducing event such as a performance to reduce symptoms of anxiety such as rapid heart rate, hand tremors, and the “butterflies in the stomach” feeling. Options include: Inderal (propranolol)Tenormin (atenolol) Beta blockers are useful in situations that require mental sharpness because they do not have adverse effects on cognitive ability. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines are mild tranquilizers that alleviate the symptoms of anxiety by slowing down the  central nervous system. Although fast-acting and well-tolerated, benzodiazepines have the potential to be habit-forming and should not be prescribed for someone with a substance abuse disorder. Options include: Ativan (lorazepam)Valium (diazepam)Xanax (alprazolam)Klonopin (clonazepam) This class of medications is not considered the first-line of treatment for social anxiety disorder. Other Anxiety Medications There are several other medication options doctors may consider, including: Vistaril (hydroxyzine)BuSpar (buspirone hydrochloride) If you are not sure of your treatment options, talk to your doctor about the potential use of medication for your particular situation. Psychological Therapies Psychotherapy can be used alone or together with prescription medications. The various options are psychological methods geared towards helping someone change their behavior to something desirable. There is a common stigma associated with going to a psychotherapist or psychiatrist, but millions of people go and benefit from it. There is nothing to be embarrassed or ashamed of. You can try asking your primary care physician for a referral to a therapist or mental health professional. There is also an increasing number of websites that can help match you with a professional based on your symptoms, schedule, and health insurance. The Best Online Therapy Programs Try taking a few notes on your thoughts and feelings so you have a starting point for discussion on your first appointment. Though it may feel difficult at first, the more honest you are with your doctor, the more progress you can begin to make with managing your anxiety. Social Anxiety Disorder Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) CBT is the first-line psychotherapeutic treatment for SAD. It is a form of psychotherapy designed to modify your thoughts and behaviors in order to positively influence your emotions. 3 Types of CBT Techniques exposurecognitive restructuringsocial skills training Exposure Exposure can take place either through imagining or experiencing a specific performance or social situation in real life. If you have extremely severe social anxiety disorder, your therapist may begin with imagined exposure and eventually progress to real-life exposures. The underlying principle of exposure therapy is that through practice and experience, you will become more comfortable in situations that you would otherwise avoid. Below are some exposure exercises that you can practice on your own. Try It Out Exposure  for  shy bladder syndromeExposure  for  phone fears Cognitive Restructuring Cognitive restructuring focuses on the cognitive symptoms of SAD: Poor self-concept, fear of negative evaluation by others, and negative attribution bias (attributing positive outcomes to chance and negative outcomes to your own shortcomings). Cognitive restructuring involves a series of exercises designed to identify negative thoughts, evaluate how true they are, and construct alternative thoughts to challenge original thoughts. Cognitive restructuring is thought to be important for the treatment of social anxiety disorder because of the strong cognitive aspect of the disorder and how longstanding these underlying beliefs often are. What Is Cognitive Restructuring? Social Skills Training Social skills training involves various exercises such as modeling, rehearsal, and role-playing designed to help people learn appropriate behaviors and decrease anxiety in social situations. Not everyone will require social skills training as part of their treatment. These exercises are designed specifically for people who have actual deficits in social interaction above and beyond social anxiety. Areas that might be targeted for social skills training include eye contact, conversation, assertiveness, and telephone calls. An Overview of Social Skills Training Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for social anxiety disorder is a third-wave technique developed after CBT. It is based on Buddhist philosophy. Through ACT, you learn how to accept negative thoughts and anxiety rather than trying to eliminate them. By detaching yourself from your social anxiety, it is expected that your symptoms will naturally lessen. An ACT therapist uses experiential exercises, values-guided interventions, and mindfulness skills training as part of therapy. Why Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Is Used to Treat SAD Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapy involve a therapist helping you to understand underlying issues from childhood that may have contributed to your social anxiety. It is most useful for people who have deeper unresolved conflicts contributing to their anxiety. Psychoanalysis may also be useful in some instances to explore potential resistance to change. How Psychoanalysis Is Used in Treating Social Anxiety Disorder Complementary Treatments Alternative treatments for social anxiety disorder include such things as dietary supplements, aromatherapy, and yoga. Most alternative treatments have not been scientifically proven to work in the treatment of SAD. In addition, alternative treatments may not be regulated as strictly as standard forms of treatment. Finding Treatment The steps for finding treatment for social anxiety disorder are the same as those for any mental health issue. Talk to someone, such as a family doctor or religious counselor, about the problems you are experiencing. You could even start by telling a friend or family member and asking for his or her support in finding help.If a doctor is not able to refer you to a mental health professional, you may consider searching terms such as find a social anxiety disorder therapist near me. Professionals who provide mental health therapy services typically include psychologists, social workers, and counselors. If you require medication, you will need to speak to a psychiatrist through a referral from a doctor. If you are looking for alternative treatments, seek out a physician who practices integrative medicine.Call to make an appointment and inquire about the cost of services and whether they will be covered by insurance. A Word From Verywell Reaching out for help the first time can feel uncomfortable and anxiety-provoking in and of itself. Know that you are taking the best first step in the right direction to alleviate your social anxiety over the long term. Living Well With Social Anxiety Disorder

The Power of Setting in Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Adichie - Literature Essay Samples

The novel Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Adichie, set in post-colonial Nigeria during the Civil War in the late 1960s, is a bildungsroman that focuses greatly on family relationships as well as religious and cultural ideals. The passage describing Kambili and Jaja’s first meal at their Aunt’s house in Nsukka provides a stark contrast to the oppressive atmosphere in Enugu as a result of her father’s abusive nature. The freedom and vibrancy of Aunty Ifeoma’s household despite their financial limitations bewilders Kambili, while lifting the restrictions on her life and exposing her to radically diverse values and beliefs. Adichie foreshadows the development of Kambili’s character through the immense contrast between her own home and the Nsukka household’s open and loving environment. Adichie emphasizes the symbolic setting in this passage to powerfully convey the disparity in attitudes of Kambili’s and Aunty Ifeoma’s families. The gap in wealth is dealt with frequently, highlighting that greater material satisfaction is not as beneficial as the spiritually nurturing environment of Nsukka. Adichie uses natural imagery while describing the dining table in the second paragraph of the extract, mentioning the â€Å"wood that cracked in dry weather† and the simile of â€Å"the outermost layer was shedding, like a molting cricket, brown slices curling up from the surface.† The reference to natural cycles indicates that Aunty Ifeoma’s progressive attitudes; her encouragement of natural expansion of outlook and social skills. This is in direct contrast with the naà ¯ve voice of Kambili, which is evident in the parallel syntax featured through most of her narrative. However, the image of the â€Å"molting cricket† suggests that in this setting, Kambili will undergo significant change, maturing and perhaps acquiring a different outlook on her family relations and Christian zeal. This notion is reinforced by the image of â€Å"brown slices curling up† which implies nourishment and has somewhat of an aesthetic quality. The vivid description of setting also juxtaposes the disorder and in Aunty Ifeoma’s house with the tidiness of Kambili’s home in Enugu, reflecting the differing values emphasized in the two families. Adichie repeats the word â€Å"mismatched† twice while describing the furniture, reflecting the slightly more chaotic atmosphere in her home. The resulting liberty and lightheartedness is overwhelms Kambili to a certain extent, and Adichie also uses the adjective â€Å"mismatched† to imply that Kambili feels out of place and insecure with the concept of freedom from perfectionism and oppression. Adichie once again notes the lower income when she mentions â€Å"half a drumstick† on Kambili’s plate, and suggests that the enthusiastic appreciation of the family, conveyed through the constant dialogue and exclamation marks such as in â€Å"Chicken and soft drinks!†, compensates for their material limitations. Their apparent capacity to enjoy l ife in spite of its constant drawbacks and chaos is a major theme that spans the novel, and parallels the much more sinister duality of Kambili’s life, where she continues to strive to satisfy the expectations of her father despite submitting to the lasting psychological effects of his abusive nature. Kambili’s emotional response to the startlingly different setting of Aunty Ifeoma’s home that is conveyed by Adichie gives us insight into the change that begins to stir in her during her visit to Nsukka. At first, she is shown to be quite passive, for example when Adichie writes she â€Å"followed Amaka back into the kitchen and watched her slice and fry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , using active verbs only to describe Amaka. As the meal commences, Kambili feels more and more uncomfortable, mentioning she â€Å"tried to concentrate, tried to get the food down†, the anadiplosis implying her intense insecurity while faced with the free speech of her cousins. This tumult signals the inner conflict that Kambili will face as she is exposed to the lifestyle in her Aunt’s house, possibly resulting in a more independent and confident personality. Kambili is clearly astonished at the constant flow of conversation between her cousins and aunt; Adichie writes, â€Å"Laughter flo ated over my head†, using the verb to indicate the uninhibited enjoyment that Kambili is not a part of, but longs for. The metaphor also suggests that simply by breathing this laughter, by existing in this setting, Kambili is gradually being imbued with the happiness around her. The noise seems almost tangible to her, creating a striking contrast to the motif of silence seems to enshroud her beforehand. Adichie reiterates the freedom and spontaneity in the household, continuing the paragraph with â€Å"Words spurted from everyone†, using the abrupt and unassuming connotations of the verb to underline once more the more disorderly yet more intimate surroundings in Aunty Ifeoma’s home. The use of parallel syntax in â€Å"often not seeking and not getting any response† captures the cousins’ contribution to the family dynamic through the simple act of sharing a stream of consciousness. They seem to maintain equilibrium, enhancing the family unity and intimacy. Kambili feels that the speech lacks purpose, as she mentions rather proudly, â€Å"we always spoke with a purpose back home†; this is very ironic, however, since we are familiar with the superficial compliments made to please Papa during mealtime. Her apprehension to this type of unrestrained dialogue exposes her severely limited social interaction, which is clearly likely to be improved during h er stay amongst her talkative relatives. In a sense, Kambili’s inner conflict mirrors the beginning of the age of enlightenment, when the Western world emerged from a stagnant period in history due to the repression of Christianity. Adichie insinuates that with regards to Kambili and Jaja, the mere verbal engagement of the characters is an integral catalyst for Kambili’s independence and perhaps firmer stance in the family conflict. The characterization of Aunty Ifeoma and her children is an important element that influences Kambili’s perceptions and aspirations. Aunty Ifeoma’s assertion that â€Å"Today we’ll treat Kambili and Jaja as guests, but from tomorrow they will be part of the family and join in the work†¦Ã¢â‚¬  incorporates a rapid change in time frame and reflects her straightforward, welcoming nature. Adichie suggests the possibility that due to the open and loving atmosphere at Nsukka, Kambili will experience more of a family spirit with her aunt than with her own family in Enugu. The sarcasm with which Aunty Ifeoma tells Kambili, â€Å"We do not say Mass in the name of grace like your father does† emphasizes her rejection of the rules Papa imposes on his family; Kambili is introduced for the first time to thoughts and values that distinctly oppose her father’s. Her pronounced silence accentuates the impact of the constant use of dialogue by Amaka, Obiora an d Chima, much of which is punctuated with exclamation marks. For example, when Chima says, â€Å" ‘Mommy! I want the chicken leg’ †, Adichie demonstrates the ease with which even the youngest child can express himself. Kambili’s excruciating shyness and independence, illustrated by her lack of dialogue, is in stark relief, and the powerful presence of her cousins within the binary opposition seems to foreshadow Kambili’s gradually budding confidence. Amaka and Obiora’s speech is paired with actions, such as in â€Å"Obiora pushed at his glasses as he spoke†, emphasizing their comparative presence not only verbally but also through body language. Her discomfort and insecurity in this lively setting implies that she envies these qualities in her cousins, and her envious tone while stating, â€Å"but my cousins seemed to simply speak and speak and speak† shows her desire to be as courageous as her cousins. Adichie thus prepares Kam bili for a process of self-realization and maturity. The lack of caesura in the last line of the extract implies that Kambili’s cousins’ speech is ongoing and fast paced, highlighting their continual energy and social competence. Kambili’s admiration of this capability serves as a hopeful indication of her development as a character. Adichie’s juxtaposition of the different lifestyles and outlooks of Papa and Aunty Ifeoma’s family in the bildungsroman Purple Hibiscus prepares for the gradual changes that take place in the main adolescent characters. The jarring difference in Aunty Ifeoma’s perspectives and Kambili’s own father’s contribute to the inception of a desire to find her own voice and question the his destructive dominance over the family. Adichie highlights the painfulness of this process for Kambili, and thus expresses her disdain for the highly oppressive environment the religious fanatic Papa creates for his children, severely damaging their social and inquisitive capacities in spite of the generous support he provides to the overall community. The families’ microcosms mirror the post-colonial situation of Nigeria, portraying the oppressive government and the spreading dissent of the population, leading to a critical conflict that may lead to significant chan ge in the state of affairs.

The Madness Of Hamlet And Ophelia - 1131 Words

The Madness of Hamlet and Ophelia Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s most famous plays. In it, a young, Danish prince struggles with the death of his father and the betrayal of his mother. This struggle is so profound; it shakes its main character Hamlet to the core and brings him to the brink of sanity. Shakespeare uses madness to convey important information throughout the play especially through Hamlet and his love interest, Ophelia. Hamlet does not always appear to be mad, in fact throughout the play his sanity is questioned by the reader and other characters. Whether real or faked, Hamlet and Ophelia’s madness reveal to us more about their characters, opinions and secrets than their regular discourse. As demonstrated throughout the play, Hamlet’s madness is evident whether real or fake. In his own words, â€Å"I am mad but north-north-west: / When the wind southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw† (II. ii. 377-78). Hamlet is claiming that he is frequently seen as crazy. However, he claims that he can choose the moments to be mad. Hamlet is speaking to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern stating that Hamlet knows what Rosencrantz and Guildenstern plan to do. The reader is again asked to consider whether Hamlet is faking his madness or whether he is, in fact, mad. In a monologue, he says, â€Å"How strange or odd some’er I bear / myself / As I perchance hereafter shall think / meet / To pit an antic disposition on† (I. V. 190- 92). The death of Hamlet’s father is something Hamlet cannotShow MoreRelatedThe Madness Of Hamlet And Ophelia1296 Words   |  6 Pages11 December 2015 The Madness of Hamlet and Ophelia Psychotic behavior is prevalent in Shakespeare’s Hamlet as two of his characters, Hamlet and Ophelia, exhibit madness during the play. The play commences after Claudius killed King Hamlet, leaving him in purgatory. Hamlet, after discovering this fact, feigns madness, which he calls an â€Å"antic disposition† (1.5.192) in his plot for revenge to ultimately free his father. Ophelia, on the other hand, succumbs to madness after the death of herRead MoreTheme Of Madness In Hamlet And Ophelia996 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the centuries, the medicines used to treat madness have varied; however, the ultimate treatment has remained the same: negligence or ignorance. During the 14th and 15th centuries, mental illness was viewed as an inhabitation of an individual by demons or evil spirits; the method utilized to cure this ailment was a combination of exorcism and rituals. The patients were usually placed in hospices then asylums. During the 16th through 20th cent uries, mentally ill patients were not often treated;Read MoreTheme of Madness and Causes: Hamlet and Ophelia Essay1788 Words   |  8 PagesIn Shakespeares Hamlet, there are two characters that display qualities of insanity. 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He tells Ophelia he never loved her, callsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Ophelia s Struggle And Madness1088 Words   |  5 Pages1 Pregnant with Madness— Ophelia’s Struggle and Madness in Hamlet Yi-Chi Chen Intergrams 11.2(2011): http://benz.nchu.edu.tw/~intergrams/intergrams/112/112-cyc.pdf ISSN: 1683-4186 Abstract Madness in Hamlet is one of the crucial themes for Shakespeare to depict the chaotic turbulence in the Hamlet family and the court of Denmark. Due to Claudius’s usurpation of the Old Hamlet’s crown and queen, characters such as Hamlet, Ophelia, and Gertrude suffer seriously from betrayal, resentment, and enragementRead MoreThe Relationship Between Ophelia and Hamlet: William Shakespeare970 Words   |  4 PagesThe play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, looks at the issue of madness and how it effects the characters of the play. Madness can be looked at from very different perspectives, such as strong and uncontrollable emotions, a person’s desires, and also a persons mental stability. Throughout the play, the audience is questioning the sanity of the main character, Hamlet, as he goes on his quest for revenge. The people around him also show signs of madness, such as Ophelia and Claudius, but in differentRead More Ophelia as a Foil to Shakespeares Hamlet Essay875 Words   |  4 PagesOphelia as a Foil to Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚      In Shakespeares tragedy, Hamlet, the audience finds a docile, manipulated, scolded, victimized young lady named Ophelia. Ophelia is a foil to Hamlet. Plays have foils to help the audience better understand the more important characters in the play.   The character of Ophelia is necessary so that the audience will give Hamlet a chance to get over his madness and follow his heart.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Similarities are an important part of being a foil. OneRead MoreMadness In Hamlet Essay869 Words   |  4 Pagesneed of an intervention. In Shakespeares Hamlet, the main character, Hamlet, decides to fake his own derangement in order to prove his uncle Claudius guilty of the murder of his brother, King Hamlet. To avoid anyone discovering him, he maintains his crazy act in front of his own love interest, Ophelia, perplexing her to the point of lunacy. One of the main contributors to Ophelia’s authentic madness is Hamlet’s pretense of insanity, leading to both Hamlet and Ophelia’s ultimate defeat. From theRead MoreHamlet and Ophelia’s Madness Essay674 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark is one of Shakespeare’s most tragic plays. Most of the characters in this play suffered a heartbreaking death, although, all of the characters faced anger, regret, madness or distress. Madness was a reoccurring theme in this play, two characters portrayed this more than others. Ophelia and Hamlet faced similar fates, with similarities and differences along the way, all to do with their madness. Hamlet and Ophelia were two young people in love and were supposedlyRead MoreAppearence vs. Reality in William Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pages amp;#65279;Appearance vs. Reality nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; In Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, there is a dominant and overwhelming theme that is concurrent throughout the play. Throughout the play, all the characters appear as one thing on the outside, yet on the inside they are completely different. The theme of appearance versus reality surrounds Hamlet due to the fact that the characters portray themselves as one person on the outside, and one different on the inside. In the play, Claudius